The Rise Of Islam By Matthew Gordon - 954 Words

â€Å"Fight in the name of God and in the ‘path of god’. Combat those who disbelieve in God.† The quote above is an excerpt from Matthew Gordon’s book, â€Å"The Rise of Islam†. Throughout the course of history, many religions have had a profound effect on western civilization. During the early 5th century a religion arose that had an extremely important impact on western civilization. The Arabic prophet Muhammad founded the religion known today as Islam. Violence, diplomacy, Arabic tradition, and public law played a vital role in the rise and conquest of Islam. These four key elements that fostered the rise of Islam helped establish one of the largest religions in western civilization. Pre-Islamic Arabia was a culture knit together by kinship. In this society there was no emperor or ruling elite. The people of pre-Islamic Arabia were bound together by nomadic tribes who made profit by trading and most importantly â€Å"raiding†. These raids w ere often described as small-scale warfare and were instrumented by tribal leaders in order to increase the wealth and power of the tribe (Gordon 5). This was the society in which Islam came to power. Warfare and raiding were essential in order to be successful in pre-Islamic Arabia. The integration of warfare into the Islamic religion created a similarity among Muslims, those who follow Islam, and non-Islamic Arabian people. This relationship and common interest established by the prophet Muhammad helped in the rise of Islam among non-IslamicShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Role of the Qur’an in Muslim Religion764 Words   |  4 Pages(â€Å"Scripture and Tradition in Islam- The Qur’an and Hadith† 104), and gave the messages from Allah to him. From the establishment of the Qur’an, Muslims have viewed the book as the last revelation of their god Allah, and thus are the true words from God for their ways of life and in reaching Allah in their afterlife. Th e book also teaches â€Å"mankind’s responsibility assigned by God† (Gordon 115). Therefore, Muslims practices in ways to prove their devotion towards the new religion of Islam by being faithful,Read MoreThe Roles and Goals of the Caliphates1008 Words   |  4 PagesThe first three caliphates to rule after the death of Muhammad shaped the foundation for the growth and development of the early Islamic community. The goal of the caliphates was to unify the Islamic people and spread the word of Islam as far as they could. Although their main goal was the same, the Rashidun Caliphate, the Umayyad Caliphate, and the Abbasid caliphate went about this goal in separate ways. The different techniques used by each caliphate was dependent on the individual caliphs. TheRead MoreThe Man Who Changed Our World3426 Words   |  14 Pageswas to be made on Muhammad s life. They migrated almost 300 miles to a city called Medina. When Muhammad got to Medina, he set up rules known as the Constitution of Medina (Gordon 13). In this constitution, the rights and duties of the citizens of Medina were set up. Some of the first people of Medina to be converted to Islam were the pagans, who had been under the rule of other clan leaders. The Muslims began to become a fighting society, attacking caravans from Mecca and initiating other armedRead MoreIslam More Than a Religion1408 Words   |  6 PagesIslam More Than A Religion Despite its huge following around the world and the growing Muslim communities in the United States, Islam is foreign to most Americans who are familiar with Christianity or Judaism. Because most Americans know little or nothing about Islam, they have many misconceptions about Muslim beliefs and rituals. The negative image many people in the United States and Europe have of Islam and the Muslim world has a long history. Many have judged Islam without making an effortRead MoreAnalysis Of Abc Islam Book 1581 Words   |  7 Pages ABC Islam Book By Ethan Khorashadi (Letters A - M) and Nathan Karter (Letters N - Z) A is for astronomy Astronomy was one of the great advances by Muslim scholars. This study had many uses for Muslims. Muslims also used this study to be directed in the direction in Mecca Muslims also found at the earth evolves around the sun. B is for Baghdad Baghdad was a Muslim city that was decorated with the most advance architecture. This city was located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.Read MoreExchange of Information Between Sumer Egypt and India Essay examples2068 Words   |  9 Pagesbecome a way of life for them. Cattle became not only an additional source of food, but a form of money as well. Wealth was determined by the size of ones herd, which often led to war as cattle were frequently stolen. In the Indus valley, the rise of civilization showed traits similar to that of the Sumerians a thousand years prior. Both civilizations consisted of Neolithic farmers and spread out on the valleys of the river to take advantage of the fertile soil and abundance of water. TheRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 PagesGlobal Perspectives (C. Nyamiti and A.O. Ogbonnaya) 349-379 (30 pp.) Week 10:A TOWARD A PRACTICAL TRINITARIAN THEOLOGY Baptism and Christian Identity: Teaching in the Triune Name Gordon S. Mikoski 39-69 (30 pp.) Week 10:B FORMATION IN THE TRIUNE NAME Baptism and Christian Identity: Teaching in the Triune Name Gordon S. Mikoski 217-237 (30 pp.) Week 10:C THE THREEFOLD PATTERN â€Å"The Trinity† in The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology Ed. by Kevin J. Vanhoozer 186-201 (15 pp.) ClaudeRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdignity, principles were enunciated and precedents established that would form the basis for the more broadly based human rights struggles of the last half of the century. Due in large part, however, to the weaknesses of the League, resistance to the rise of internal repression and interstate aggression in the interwar years was feeble at best. Stalinist, fascist, and Japanese militarist contempt for civil rights, much less even peaceful protest, opened the way for brutally repressive regimes thatRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagescustomers outside the United States. This book is printed on recycled, acid-free paper containing 10% postconsumer waste. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QDB/QDB 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 978-0-07-811257-7 MHID 0-07-811257-5 Vice President Editor-in-Chief: Brent Gordon Vice President, EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether-David Editorial Director: Paul Ducham Managing Developmental Editor: Laura Hurst Spell Developmental Editor: Jane Beck Associate Marketing Manager: Jaime Halteman Project Manager:Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesResponsible Managers Relieve Stress on Their Employees 607 Questions for Review 608 Experiential Exercise Power and the Changing Environment 608 Ethical Dilemma Changes at WPAC 609 Case Incident 1 Starbucks Returns to Its Roots 610 Case Incident 2 The Rise of Extreme Jobs 610 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior 616 623 Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 About the Authors Stephen P. Robbins Education Ph.D. University of Arizona Professional Experience Academic

Types Of Player On Online Multiplayer Games - 958 Words

Types of Player in Online Multiplayer Games Generally speaking there are a lot people who play online games and most of them can be categorized. These people can range form rude scumbags to nice decent human beings, but mostly annoying rude such bags. There are six types—try hard, rager, troll, ego, silent, and cool guy. Each type of these people contribute to a game and its community in many ways and can often give games reputations of the people who play them. People in gaming communities are often stereotyped for what game they play rather than what they have to say. Many times there has been players being rude to foreign people and thus reenforcing the rude american stereotype. The online community needs to be more conscious of the other player around them and the impact they can have. Any game with a professional or competitive scene will always has try hards. Although, you can find these people in nearly any game. These people will do anything to win or be deemed good at a video game. They pride themselves on winning games which is all that matters to them in the end. Try hards are the type of gamers that are sometimes referred to as no-lives. The term no-live in this sense means they spend a lot of time playing the game to be good. Spending as much time as the do playing they supposably have little to go out side or do anything else except play the game. These people will act one of two ways to win the game—encouragement or self-centered. The encouraging way is theyShow MoreRelatedMmorpgs Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesPeople all the world continue to participate in a Massively multiplayer online role-playing games MMORPGs. Wherever gamers stay involved in the role-playing through online video games that utilize, and MMORPG that creates an avatar that has the features that individual select and can play with an enormous number of players that communicate though aviator within a virtual world. The MMORPGs implements tasks and combats that be come continually more difficult, although the prime objective is to advanceRead MoreEssay about Exploring the Issue of Cyber Bullying1238 Words   |  5 Pagesplatforms available on the Internet; including massively multiplayer online role playing games such as World of Warcraft. These video games are havens for teenagers to take on a (often times) fantasy character and play as if they were actually them. For participants in massively multiplayer online role playing games, these â€Å"second lives† can be as real to them as their physical real life. It is not uncommon for participants within these games to take their virtual existence more seriously and withRead MoreThe Issues Of Cyber Bullying946 Words   |  4 Pagescommercialization of the Internet. Pre-internet bullying involved socially marginalized children and teenagers picking on their friends and other marginalized children at school. Traditional discipline included detentions, phone calls to their parents, and some type of discipline between the children involved. Today however, for bullies has dramatically changed and the risk-reward balance has been significantly tilted in favor of the bullies. The Emergence of Technology Today, bullies can simply connect to theRead MoreOnline Computer Games : The University Of Adelaide1374 Words   |  6 Pagesdigital games and online social networking sites. He works in these areas to understand the regulation, governance and institutional forms. He finished the article‘Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms’ in 2005, and first time published on the ‘Routledge Taylor Francis Group’ in 2006. The ‘Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms.’ (2006), starts by view on the different between the current online game and conventionalRead MoreEssay on Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games Impacting Chess1269 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) Emmanuel Mitchell Prof. Donald G. Moore, Jr., PhD. CIS375: Human Computer Interaction December 16, 2014 Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games are played all over the world. These role playing games allow hundreds of thousands of players to compete against each other via the internet in a virtual world. In these virtual worlds the players are also allowed to interactRead MoreCurrent Market Conditions Competitive Analysis1453 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen one of the leading multiple player online-based games on the market for years since its initial release. The game maintains a high level of subscriptions that cost a fixed rate of $15 per month. The game itself once controlled over 50% of the multiple player market shares in 2006 for the western region. Subscriptions have reached more than five million by 2006 and exceeded 10 million subscribers for a 2nd time by the end of 2012. Subscriptions for this game have even exceeded 14 million in yearRead MoreNintendo Switch Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesaudience, it was home to many quality game releases that few played due to the s ystem’s limited install base. Luckily, Nintendo has seen it fit to enhance some Wii U titles and to bring these new and improved versions to the Nintendo Switch. Earlier this year the Switch was graced with the release of Mario Kart 8 Deluxe, and now it has been given the honor to host Pokkà ©n Tournament DX. If you are familiar with the original Pokkà ©n Tournament for Wii U, then you know the game is an excellent Pokà ©mon fighterRead MoreProductive Players : Online Computer Games1397 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Review Humphreys, S. (2005.) â€Å"Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms.† Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 2(1), pp. 37-51. The article I am going to review is Productive Players: Online Computer Games’ Challenge to Conventional Media Forms, written by Sal Humphreys in 2005. The journal was published in Journal of Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies and the author is a creative industries researcher who works at the Queensland UniversityRead MoreEssay on The Virtual World: A Social Haven?1370 Words   |  6 PagesFor several decades, video games have been a form of entertainment for people of all races and ages. Video games have evolved from simple console games that plug into your television to massive online multiplayer games. With the expansion of the World Wide Web and computers being in every home, multiplayer online games have dominated the video game culture. Online games are separated by several types of genre ranging from: mass multiplayer online role playing games (MMORPG), strategy, first personRead MoreBenefits Of Playing Video Games1421 Words   |  6 PagesOnline gaming h as become a serious problem in the society especially among young adults. This is because, most young adults are now stuck on their computers and internet, playing games all day. This has led to serious gaming problems among such individuals because they have no social life outside of the game world. Playing game, is a good way of having fun and developing one’s cognitive ability. The benefits of playing video games are numerous when done in moderation. â€Å"Playing brain-teasing game

Bacterias Prokaryotes Free Essays

Archaea is considered to be another domain, besides Prokaryotes (which include bacteria) and eukaryotes (which include plants, animals, fungi and protests). Eukaryotes have a well-defined nucleus, membrane cell structure. On the other hand prokaryotes have a well-defined cell wall and contain an irregular nucleus. We will write a custom essay sample on Bacterias Prokaryotes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Archaea was defined in the 1970’s, and it was observed that they survived at high temperatures (above 100 degrees centigrade), pressure or salt concentrations and is known as ‘extremophiles’. They may produce methane gas as part of metabolism. They were found in regions other than which other organisms cannot survive such as geysers, oil wells, deep ocean, hypersaline waters, hot springs, etc, and hence could be helping to maintain the ecological niche. As they can survive only in very high temperatures in which other forms of life cannot exist, they were considred to be absent in the human body. However, scientists are considering that Archaea domain can in fact be present in the human body and can cause disease. Under a normal microscope viewed under standard conditions, Archaea would appear as small dots, as they are inactive at this room conidtions (B. Waggoner B. R. Speers. 1994). With the help of an electron microscope can the Archaea domain can be examined. There are several other techniques of examining the Archaea species. Molecular techniques seem to be very effective in detecting and isolating Archaea as their genetic material can be identified (especially PCR). The presence of lipids present in the Archaea cell can be determined with the help of gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Fluorescent in situ hybridization is also utilized in some instances to study the relationship between the genetic material of Archaea and the presence of diseases. Immunological methods such as in situ immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry are being studied as to how they could be utilized in detecting Archaea. They are of limited use as there are some issues with the antigen produced by Archaea (P. B. Eckburg. 2003 E. F. DeLong, 1999). References: B. Waggoner B. R. Speer. â€Å"Introduction to the Archaea, Life’s extremists†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , 1994, UCMP. 28 Sep. 2007 http://www. ucmp. berkeley. edu/archaea/archaea. html B. Waggoner B. R. Speer. â€Å"Archaea: Morphology†, 1994, UCMP. 28 Sep. 2007 http://www. ucmp. berkeley. edu/archaea/archaeamm. html Edward F. DeLong, Lance Trent Taylor, Terence L. Marsh, and Christina M. Preston. â€Å"Visualization and Enumeration of Marine Planktonic Archaea and Bacteria by Using Polyribonucleotide Probes and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization. † Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65. 12 (1999). http://aem. asm. org/cgi/content/abstract/65/12/5554 Paul B. Eckburg, Paul W. Lepp, and David A. Relman. â€Å"Archaea and Their Potential Role in Human Disease. † Infection and Immunity 71. 2 (2003). http://iai. asm. org/cgi/content/full/71/2/591 How to cite Bacterias Prokaryotes, Papers

Advantages of Sole Trader-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Conduct research into the industry and/or product that your client wishes to participate in with respect to the type of business structures that are most prevalent in the Industry. Answer: Introduction: A sole trader is the structure under which individual is responsible to conduct the operations of the business. For example- sole trader is not able to share debts and losses of the business with others, and they enjoy all the profits of the business. This business structure is the simplest and inexpensive form of structure which can be chosen by the individual at the initial stage of the business. Context related to corporation is completely different from sole proprietorship because members of the corporation are the owners and business is managed by the directors (Business, 2017). This report states the advantages, disadvantages, and scope of both the structures that is sole trader and corporation. This report further states whether sole proprietorship is appropriate for Penny Grey or not. Lastly, this paper is concluded with brief conclusion. About sole proprietorship: Generally, Sole proprietorship is the business structure which has no separate existence from its owner, and income and losses of this structure are taxed under the personal income tax return of the individual. This form of business is simple to operate, and under this structure individual is responsible to conduct the operations of the business. Usually, sole proprietorship refers to the individual who is considered as the owner of the business, and such individual is personally liable for the debts of the business. This form of business is operated under the name of the owner of the business, and owner can also conduct the business under fictitious name. It must be noted that such fictitious name does not separate the business from the owner (ALG, n.d.). This form of business is popular because of its low cost, less regulations, easy setup, and simplicity. For the purpose of conducting business under sole proprietorship, individual must register the name and get local license. There is also one disadvantage of this form that is, sole trader is personally liable for all the debts of the firm. Therefore, when sole proprietorship faces financial consequences then creditors file case against the owner of the business. In case creditors won the case then owner is personally liable towards them (ASIC, n.d.). It is clear, that sole proprietorship does not have separate legal entity from its owners, and it has both advantages and disadvantages which are stated below: Advantages of sole trader: It is the simplest form of business, and if individual initiate the operations of the business with his own name then such individual is not under obligation to register the name of the business. Therefore, this form of business is more ideal at the initial stage of the business. Sole trader is the only owner of the business, and controls the operations of the business. There is no obligation on sole trader to take permission of others for taking any decision related to management issue. This business is also simple in the context of tax and accounting. In other words, there is no obligation on business owner to file separate tax return of the business, because all the income of the business is taxed under the personal return of the owner. Owner also gets advantage to deduct the cost of operating the business from the income earned by the business (Business Victoria, n.d.). As compared to other form of business, sole proprietorship is less expensive in nature, and it requires less set up amount. Sole proprietor enjoys the freedom of making the business decisions because he is the only one who is responsible for conducting the operations of the company, and it results in quick decision making process (ATO, n.d.; ATO, 2016). Disadvantages of Sole proprietorship, and how corporates are different from Sole Proprietorship: There are number of advantages of sole proprietorship which makes this business more appealing in nature, but there are some disadvantages also which must be kept in mind while choosing this business. Some of these disadvantages are stated below: The most important disadvantage of this business is that business is not a separate legal entity from its members, which means owner of the business is personally liable for the debts of the business. There is no separation between business assets and personal assets. In other words, creditors can file case against the owner of the business for the debts and liabilities of the business. This disadvantage prevents the owner of the business to take further risk for the expansion and diversification of the business. In Corporations, there is clear separation between the personal assets and business assets of the business, which make the corporation more suitable form of business at the time of expansion and diversification of the business. Section 1.5.1 of the Corporation Act 2001 states that, companies has separate legal existence from its owners. This can be understood through case law Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation. In this case Court stated that Company was considered as new legal entity in the eyes of law. As stated, there is no difference between the sole proprietor and its owner, and after the death of the owner there is no one who conducts the operations of the business, which means with the end of the owner business also ends. However, in some cases owner make the future plan and hier representative who continue the operations of the business. On the other hand in corporations, business enjoys the perpetual existence, which means that business does not end with the death of the owner. This can be understood through case law Re Noel Tedman Holdings Pty Ltd. (1967) QdR 561. In this case, both shareholder and director died but still existence of company is continued. Corporations have number of ways to raise money for the purpose of conducting operations of the business, and the easiest way available to them is to issue shares. This means corporations offer partial ownership of the company in exchange of money, and such money can be used to expand the business. On the other hand, sole trader does not have shares to offer and they are not able to sell the ownership of the company. Sole proprietorship is able to raise money like other business structures. It must be noted that there is no separation between the personal assets and business assets and because of this owner mortgage their personal property for the purpose of getting loan. In case business of the company fails, and owner does not have enough money to pay the loan then lender has right to take the personal assets of the owner (Business, 2017). In the present case, penny Grey wants to expand her business and expansion of business required funds. Therefore it is more beneficial for her to choose corporate rather than sole proprietorship. The other disadvantage of sole proprietorship is less capital, which means that sole trader is not able to arrange large amount of money for the purpose of conducting the business operations of the company. Sole proprietorship does not have enough investors who invest money in the idea of the owner. On the other hand, corporations can easily raise high amount of capital because there are number of investors who can raise money for the business. If Penny Grey chooses corporate as business structure then it becomes simple for her to arrange capital through investors or by selling the shares of the company. Sole trader is the only individual who makes the decisions of the business, but it has some disadvantages also such as lack of experts advice. In this form of business, owner is the only person who is responsible for all his decisions. For the purpose of expanding the business, Penny required advice of experts and support for making the decisions. If she holds sole proprietorship, it is not possible for her to get support in decision making process. After considering above advantages and disadvantages, it is clear that sole proprietorship is better for initial stage of the business, but this structure is not appropriate when preferences of the owner changed. In case, owner of the business wants to expand the business then they must consider other options too (SMH, 2007). Corporation: There are number of factors which influence various aspects of business, and it includes how profit and liability are divided, payment related to taxes, and who controls the business. If owner wants to expand the business, then it is beneficial for owner to choose corporation instead of partnership or sole proprietorship. Some factors are stated below which help the owner to decide the appropriate structure for the purpose of expanding their business. Business can be restructured for the purpose of meeting the financial goals and other objectives also. Owner must choose that structure which improves the profitability and cash flow of the business and for this purpose corporation is more suitable option. Business can be restructured when it becomes necessary to reorganize the internal functions of the business. For example-sales and marketing, for the purpose of improving the operations of their business. Owner can also restructure their business when they decide to diversify or expand their business. Such as, when they decide to expand their business overseas or decide to expand the functions related to products and services. Therefore, this change is necessary for ensuring growth and for this change corporation is the most suitable form of structure. As stated in the present case, Penny Grey runs business of outdoor fitness as a sole trader, and she managed this business with the help of young family members. Now, she wants to expand her business, and for this purpose she needs advice. As stated above, sole proprietorship is the structure which suits at the initial stage of the business, but it is not appropriate at the time of expansion of business. Therefore, it is advisable to Mrs. Penny Grey that she can adopt corporation structure for conducting the operations of their business. Shareholders are the owners of the corporation, who get advantage from the profits earned by the company. On the other hand, sole proprietorship is owned by one person only who gets all the profits of the business, and also responsible for all the losses of the business. Corporation is considered as most complex structure of business and it has number of set-up regulations, but this form of structure offers high number of rewards as compared to other form of structures. Protection from liability- the biggest benefit provided by corporation is protection against liability, which is not offered by other forms of business. Corporation is considered as separate legal entity, and law separates the business assets and personal assets in this form of structure. In this, there is no risk on the personal assets of shareholders if company fails to pay the liability of the creditors. This can be understood through case law Salomon V A Salomon And Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. In this case, Court stated that corporate was separate legal entity from its owners. In case of sole proprietorship and partnership, owners of the business are liable for the debts of the business and their personal assets are also at risk (Business, 2017). Therefore, Penny can choose this structure because it reduces the risk of liability in case company incurred losses. Penny can secure her personal assets by choosing corporation structure and expand her business with less or minimum risk. Raising funds- as compared to other form of structures, corporations can easily raise the funds for the purpose of conducting projects and operations. There are number of ways through which corporations can raise funds such as corporations can sell their ownership in part, raise loans by mortgaging the assets of the business, other investors, etc.. This can be understood through case law Trust Company of Australia Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue [2007] VSC 451. As stated above, for business expansion Penny required funds on different stages of business, and for this purpose she can also sell the partly ownership of her company. In corporations, it is easy to transfer the interest in ownership to the third parties, and it does not affect the continuance operations of the business. In case of sole proprietorship and partnership it is not easy to sell the complete business, because it directly affects the operations of the firm. Not only assets are transferred but licenses and permits are also transferred which makes this task more difficult. Tax Benefits- there are number of benefits in context of tax are available to corporations, but these benefits are not available to sole proprietorship and partnership. Tax returns of corporations are not clubbed with the returns of shareholders, both shareholders and corporations files separate tax returns. Shareholders pay taxes on salaries, dividends, and bonus earned by them from the corporation (Business, 2017). Penny is not liable to pay tax on the profits earned by the company, and she is only liable to pay tax on her income only Conclusion: This report contains detailed discussion related to sole proprietorship and other alternatives for Penny Grey for the purpose of expanding their business of outdoor fitness. Sole proprietorship is the structure which suits at the initial stage of the business, but it is not appropriate at the time of expansion of business. After considering the comparison between corporation and sole trader, it is clear that corporation is better for expanding the business almost in every way. Therefore, it is advisable to Mrs. Penny Grey that she can adopt corporation structure for conducting the operations of their business. References: ALG. Business Structures. Available at: https://www.shopify.in/guides/australia/business-structures. Available at 17th August 2017. ASIC. Choosing a business structure. Available at: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/your-business/your-business-structure/. Available at 17th August 2017. ATO, (2016). Choosing your business structure. Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Starting-your-own-business/Before-you-get-started/Choosing-your-business-structure/. Available at 17th August 2017. ATO, (2016). Sole Trader. Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/business/starting-your-own-business/before-you-get-started/choosing-your-business-structure/sole-trader/. Available at 17th August 2017. Business Victoria. Sole trader. Available at: https://www.business.vic.gov.au/setting-up-a-business/business-structure/sole-trader. Available at 17th August 2017. Business, (2017). Company. Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/business-structures-and-types/company. Available at 17th August 2017. Business, (2017). What are the set-up steps and costs. Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/change-business-structure/sole-trader-to-a-company/difference-between-a-sole-trader-and-a-company/what-are-the-set-up-steps-and-costs. Available at 17th August 2017. Business. (2017). Business structure. Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure. Available at 17th August 2017. Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1964) 111 CLR 44. Re Noel Tedman Holdings Pty Ltd. (1967) QdR 561 Salomon V A Salomon And Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. Trust Company of Australia Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue [2007] VSC 451. SMH, (2007). Advantages and disadvantages of operating as a sole trader. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/small-business/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-operating-as-a-sole-trader-20090619-cpvm.html. Available at 17th August 2017.